Out-of-India Gondwanan origin of some tropical Asia biota

Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain the presence of Gondwanan lineages in tropicalAsia including, the out-of-India hypothesis, the Eurasian route hypothesis, long-distance transoceanicdispersal and the boreotropical hypothesis. Recent molecular studies support an out-of-IndiaGondwanan origin of some tropical Asian taxa. Specifically these studies suggest that ancientGondwanan lineages survived on peninsular India in spite of dramatic climatic changes and LateCretaceous volcanism. Under this model, Gondwanan lineages dispersed into Asia when peninsularIndia collided with Asian plate. These Gondwanan lineages represent the remnants of unique ancientbiota that require urgent attention from conservationists if we are to preserve the overall evolutionaryhistory of Indian biota.